Patron deity [18] The supremely powerful night hag aimed to obtain true godhood and was possibly responsible for her own death in a failed attempt at apotheosis, although whether or not she truly died was debatable. A common description is that a person feels a presence of a supernatural malevolent being which immobilizes the person as if standing on the chest. WebRead scary ghost stories and supernatural folklore from the United States, Canada and Mexico. [2], If a positive thing could be said about hags it would be that they were extremely imaginative, and when it came to travel, the stories of their odd methods of conveyance were largely true. Sleep paralysis is mainly diagnosed via clinical interview and ruling out other potential sleep disorders that could account for the feelings of paralysis. GPS coordinates of the accommodation Latitude 438'25"N BANDOL, T2 of 36 m2 for 3 people max, in a villa with garden and swimming pool to be shared with the owners, 5 mins from the coastal path. Some fungi also produce chemicals which act like hormones called gibberellins, which affect plant growth, causing rapid luxuriant growth. This ghost lies down upon the body of the sleeper, rendering them unable to move. As the correlation with REM sleep suggests, the paralysis is not complete: use of EOG traces shows that eye movement is still possible during such episodes; however, the individual experiencing sleep paralysis is unable to speak.[14]. [25], Aillenacally (Aill na Caill, "Hag Cliff") is a cliff in County Galway.[26]. The baleful busybodies enjoyed sticking their noses in other people's business, offering deals that required one to either compromise their values or do something to make the deal ultimately not worth it. It was impossible to know what kind of weird magic a specific hag might have at their disposal, and even the lowest of them were known to have access to some minor supernatural power. [8][14], The longest-lasting coven of night hags ran the largest larva market in the lower planes, the Grand Larva Emporium. [41] A similar folklore is present in the Sannio area, around the city of Benevento, where the witch is called Janara. Often, they find that what seemed to be but a brief foray into fairyland was indeed much longer in the mortal realm, possibly weeks or years. [3][8][10], Hags were almost universally unique in their exact forms and mannerisms, but there were typically common physical traits between them. And he wha spills the fairies' ring The Blood War, ironically, was the biggest issue, as despite attempts to learn where it would strike next, hags were often unexpectedly caught in the middle of Blood War skirmishes and slaughtered along with them, their herd, their servitors and their patrons. Under normal conditions, medial and vestibular nuclei, cortical, thalamic, and cerebellar centers coordinate things such as head and eye movement, and orientation in space. [14], Hags were willing to associate and ally with various evil creatures from across the planes and sometimes even non-evil ones so long as they weren't good. [13] A neurological hypothesis is that in sleep paralysis the Cerebellum which usually coordinates body movement and provides information on body position, experiences a brief myoclonic spike in brain activity inducing a floating sensation. [14] The particularly wicked larvae that hags made from their dream haunting abilities were especially useful to fiends and it was thought that they had the luxury of skipping the mindless stages of lemure or mane. Hags delight in suffering, priding themselves on creating new and inventive ways to torment those in their 'care'. Now the LORD said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his servants, that I may show these signs of Mine before him, and that you may tell in the hearing of your son and your sons son the mighty things I have done in Egypt, and My In the regions of Marche and Abruzzo, it is referred to as a Pandafeche attack;[9] the Pandafeche usually refers to an evil witch, sometimes a ghostlike spirit or a terrifying catlike creature, that mounts on the chest of the victim and tries to harm him. [8], It can be difficult to differentiate between cataplexy brought on by narcolepsy and true sleep paralysis, because the two phenomena are physically indistinguishable. While hags would spend all their time on the Ethereal Plane, as it allowed them to travel easily and protected them from hunters, the threats present there such as unpredictable ether cyclones and fearsome monsters made the Material Plane seem safer. [43] A tale from the Cambrian Mountains of Wales, current in the 19th century, describes a mortal's encounter with a fairy ring: he saw the Tylwyth Teg, in appearance like tiny soldiers, dancing in a ring. [4] Rates of recurrent sleep paralysis are not as well known, but 15%-45% of those with a lifetime history of sleep paralysis may meet diagnostic criteria for Recurrent Isolated Sleep Paralysis. Hag (English) [54] Fairy Rings by Richard Doyle, 1875. It is also believed that there may be a genetic component in the development of RISP, because there is a high concurrent incidence of sleep paralysis in monozygotic twins. A common description is that a person feels a presence of a supernatural malevolent being which immobilizes the person as if standing on the chest. While they didn't exactly have a pantheon, multiple hag gods did actually exist, it's just that they didn't necessarily have anything to do with one another.[7]. Larvae for sale! 4e from . A night hag extracting pain in liquid form. In the Moroccan culture, sleep paralysis is known as. [90], Faun and the Fairies (1834) by Daniel Maclise. [8][11], However, the common thread running through their various hateful heritages was the utter glee with which they approached the act of corruption. As the title suggests, the book is about a 20th-century Vampire in Lousianna, but aside from the supernatural genre, it reads like part period piece, part philosophical epic. [14] They were not to be mistaken as flimsy or frail, as any being capable of winning respect from balors and pit fiends was likely incredibly dangerous,[12] but their lack of strength compared to other lower-planar races often raised questions of why other forces, good or evil, hadn't driven them out of Hades and taken control for themselves. [12][1], Night hags normally kept two powerful magic items with them at all time, the first of which was a special periapt known as a heartstone. Medium [7] People also have sensations of being dragged out of bed or of flying, numbness, and feelings of electric tingles or vibrations running through their body. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Related words include the Gaelic caileag and the Irish cailn ('young woman, girl, colleen'), the diminutive of caile 'woman',[1] and the Lowland Scots carline/carlin ('old woman, witch'). [3] Diagnosis is based on a person's description. [11] In Manx Gaelic she is known as the Caillagh. [8], It was no surprise that they preferred the use of traps and guardians that made use of poisons and diseases given their heartstone's ability to cure them whenever needed and they often employed lower-planar diseases. 4th Edition Statistics[2] In her glory days she was feared and wondered, but success breeds complacency and complacency breeds failure. [82] Fairy circles feature in works by several Elizabethan poets and playwrights. [2], Weird magic items could be things like mummified toads that spewed clouds of ink, bottles of wasps that stitched wounds, mirrors that shattered into clouds of glass, jars of death slugs, undeath-sensing eyeballs or containers with memories inside. and tr. Racial privilege was viewed as a worthless concept and regardless of where one came from or what they were, they could expect fair treatment from night hags, the same competitive, predatory malice they displayed to everyone else. [2], The arrogance of hags was so unimaginably great that they saw their magic as a challenge to the gods themselves. Ross, Anne (1973, reprint 2004) "The divine hag of the pagan Celts", in. The witch hunts did not prosecute, let alone execute, millions; they were not a conspiracy by males, priests, judges, doctors, or inquisitors against members of an old religion or any other real group. This was often written off as a result of the Gray Wastes stealing the thirst for conquest from would-be invaders but such propositions were entirely false. Size Size The reasons for why could be anything, some believing that by changing into every type of hag they could become something greater by the end. In it, Psyche is forbidden to view her lover, and when she does so, her palace disappears and she is left alone. Eye color(s) [4], Larvae trading was the primary occupation and activity of most night hags, with the main, and easiest, method of gathering them being to simply wander the Wastes looking for them. They had been known to found magic colleges or sponsored arcane research projects, regardless of the moral nature of the spellcasters they deceived. Yet hags didn't completely crush all hope in a community; by providing the slightest glimmer of a chance that she would undo some of her foul works, hags kept leverage over the communities they corrupted, and so local leaders did what was in their power to stop interlopers from trying to defeat her.[2]. The schemes of hags were patient, their webs of manipulation wide, and their understanding of mortal vices, as well as how to manipulate them, great. [12], Night hags enjoyed the taste of flesh and souls, either from their own larva herds or from innocent mortals. [2][8] Even though hags didn't like each other, they were still members of their shadowy sorority and as such had to abide by an ageless code of conduct when dealing with one another. [8] A similar process may explain hallucinations, with slight variations, in which an evil presence is perceived by the subject to be attempting to suffocate them, either by pressing heavily on the chest or by strangulation. [68], Freedom from a fairy ring often requires outside intervention. The answer to the old question Are there such things as witches? therefore depends upon individual belief and upon definition, and no single definition exists. [8][12] Indeed, soul larva did play a role in the reproduction of night hags, who had a uniquely disturbing method of procreation that set them apart from other hags. [13], The intruder and incubus hallucinations highly correlate with one another, and moderately correlated with the third hallucination, vestibular-motor disorientation, also known as out-of-body experiences,[13] which differ from the other two in not involving the threat-activated vigilance system. One of the manifestations of fairy ring growth is a necrotic zonean area in which grass or other plant life has withered or died. [42] In 19th-century Wales, where the rings are known as cylch y Tylwyth Teg, fairies were almost invariably described as dancing in a group when encountered,[43] and in Scotland and Wales in the late 20th century, stories about fairy rings were still common;[44][45] some Welshmen even claimed to have joined a fairy dance. The ritual for creating a hag eye was said to take anywhere between an hour to three days to complete, and required the full attention of the coven to complete. [2][13] The end game behind a hag's actions and requests, even incredibly simple ones, might only come into play decades later under certain specific conditions, but in any case they almost certainly involved directly or indirectly gaining leverage for some undoubtedly nefarious plot. [8] Whether sickly and stout, of average build, or gaunt and bony, night hags were most visually similar to small female trolls, complete with a strange strength hidden behind their decrepit frames[8][11] and a deadly set of long, night-black nails. So you think he might stop in to say 'ello once in a while. Multiple hostages were often kept on the ethereal plane and would be ruthlessly murdered and made examples of in order to ward off hunters that cared about them. Prop 30 is supported by a coalition including CalFire Firefighters, the American Lung Association, environmental organizations, electrical workers and businesses that want to improve Californias air quality by fighting and preventing wildfires and reducing air pollution from vehicles. Note: The Category of Monster includes all species descended from Eve. [11] Polysomnographic studies found that individuals who experience sleep paralysis have shorter REM sleep latencies than normal along with shortened NREM and REM sleep cycles, and fragmentation of REM sleep. [7][10] Equal parts hideous and heinous, hags embodied what it meant to be ugly inside and out, taking on the forms of unsightly old women. Diet [1][8], Still, the act of forming a coven still came with enough advantages to offset its annoyances for most hags, so they were not uncommon. After the last rite, the child would swiftly and irreversibly transform into a night hag within an hour. [2] Hags were known to put themselves in servitor positions, offering their dark knowledge to powerful evil entities, but whether as oracles or simple advisors they were typically unfaithful to their masters if presented with a chance to usurp. [2][1], There was always some defense system in place, whether it was a naturally dangerous path, magical wards, or disguised captives to lure in the less prepared. [14] Night hag covens, often comprised of a night hag and her daughters and sometimes masterminded by another, even stronger night hag, quickly and inexorably fell apart due to in-fighting. Outsider Of which they have the keeping. [3], When hags were uninterested in bargaining and were simply looking for someone to harm for whatever reason, they often did so in the guise of human or demihuman females, either young or old but generally helpless, or by taking on the form of creatures like orcs or hobgoblins. [22][23] Even the yugoloths were rumored to have been created by a Gehennan night hag sisterhood working under Asmodeus to create an army not bound by the Nine Hells. For example, they would make an excellent spy in humanoid settlements, although given the hag opinion of mortals, this could be a potentially dangerous arrangement. While they could be found throughout the lower planes, night hags centralized their business in the Gray Wastes,[4][14] and sometimes harvested them from the Shadowfell. In Gaelic (Irish, Scottish and Manx) myth, the Cailleach (Irish:[kalx, klax], ScottishGaelic:[kax]) is a divine hag and ancestor, associated with the creation of the landscape and with the weather, especially storms and winter. The decrepit frame of hags belied their supernatural strength and swiftness, for the crones could crush smaller beings one-handed and easily jump obstructions in their path. [8][9], Night hags were horrendously hideous beings, unrivaled in their repulsiveness even when compared to most other hags and much more so when compared to ordinary crones. The legend survives in a rhyme: "With the fairies nimbly dancing round / The glow-worm on the Rising Ground. [12][14] Night hags occasionally became the wives of fiends possessing some semblance of noble status and had been known to adopt seductive appearances in order to get close and steal secrets from mortal wizards. However, over time, their hag heritage would begin to show as their forms and personalities were impacted by their ancestry, although not even these bullying tendencies and other bad habits were extreme enough to make them appear like anything but a particularly brutish member of their kin. [33], In the different regions of Italy there are many examples of supernatural beings associated with sleep paralysis. [7], Cegilune's flaws were already evident as early as when she first appeared. [2] The mycelium moves outward from the center, and when the nutrients in the center are exhausted, the center dies, thereby forming a living ring, from which the fairy ring arises. These could be other kinds of evil giants, lycanthropes, dark fey, sneaky creatures like bugbears, kenku, and doppelgangers, or other strange monsters like ettercaps, gargoyles, [2][4] and aberrations. When they left they gave the stones to the locals with the promise that as long as the stones were put out to look over the glen at Bealltainn and put back into the shelter and made secure for the winter at Samhain then the glen would continue to be fertile. WebThe category for all the supernatural creatures in Supernatural. [8][12] With this knowledge, night hags caught the larval life essence of those they had corrupted in their soul bags before dragging them down into Hades where they would become an especially powerful kind of soul larva. Hag 9 [1], Between 8% and 50% of people experience sleep paralysis at some point in their life. For I fell prey to a Green Hag. Human breath strengthens the mouse, allowing it longevity and the ability to briefly become human at night, in a similar fashion to fox spirits. [2][5][10], A changeling often appeared normal, even beautiful and healthy for their kind, with their true nature often a mystery even to themselves for most of their lives. [12][13] Despite not caring about the opinions of others regarding their activities, night hags typically kept their promises once made since stains on their reputations, such as being backstabbers or having poor wares, would negatively impact their business. [33] The local legend suggests that the Cailleach and her family were given shelter in the glen by the locals and while they stayed there the glen was always fertile and prosperous. Of them so called the Fairy Ground, Innocent folk were an excellent defense against righteous opponents and their unassuming appearance allowed them to act as a hag's eyes and ears, whether they were acting as spies or representatives. Only the strongest of their kind created lairs within the Gray Wastes, minor, personal empires of lesser fiends, their children and other nightmarish beings from across the planes. [2][1], Though they behaved with some semblance of civility, coven hags still wanted to increase their personal power, and so the third coven mate served to deal with disputes when the other two inevitably started arguing. [56] and when the Darling children were dreaming of flying, Barrie says Nothing horrid was visible in the air, yet their progress had become slow and laboured, exactly as if they were pushing their way through hostile forces. [2] All the standard sub-species of hags, in addition to night hags and silats, could also be found in the Domains of Dread. But now he drew nearer to the circle, and finally ventured to put his foot in the magic ring. In the tale of the Glas Gaibhnenn, she is called Birg. Depending on local climate, the transfer of power between the winter goddess and the summer goddess is celebrated any time between L Fhill Brghde (Imbolc, 1 February) at the earliest, Latha na Cailliche (25 March), or Bealltainn (1 May) at the latest, and the local festivals marking the arrival of the first signs of spring may be named after either the Cailleach or Brghde. [7][22], Despite their supernatural natures, it seemed that hags, as well as needing sleep,[10] required sustenance to live. Witches sought to gain or preserve health, to acquire or retain property, to protect against natural disasters or evil spirits, to help friends, and to seek revenge. [2][1] For example, they always had to announce their presence when entering another hag's territory, bring gifts when entering another hag's home, and keep oaths made to other hags, at least so long as their fingers weren't crossed. [6][15] Given this relationship between patron and benefactor, it was no wonder why she had to trade souls with demon lords to obtain enough magic to sustain her being, seeing as she seemed to cling to divinity only for the purpose of resolving her grudges. Others rode in and on clay statues, tombstones, cauldrons and butter churns, or giant versions of bird nests, woven baskets, or mortars. The first published psychosocial treatment for recurrent isolated sleep paralysis was cognitive-behavior therapy for isolated sleep paralysis (CBT-ISP). Nae dule nor pine shall see, The farmer says that he dreamed that he must destroy the barn. [7][2], Bheur: The unrivaled masters of winter witchcraft, bheur hags were blue-skinned beldames that made cold seasons even harsher than normal. For a hag, the bargain was the most delicious way to fell a mortal because they would be complicit in their own wonderful corruption, making it much more enjoyable than blatant violence or straightforward tyranny. There is a small shieling in the Glen, known as either Tigh nan Cailleach (Scottish Gaelic for house of the old women[32]) or Tigh nam Bodach, (Scottish Gaelic for house of the old men[32]), which houses a number of heavy water-worn stones, resembling miniature human beings. In synopsis, it proposes that such cultural phenomena as alien abduction, the near death experience and shadow people can, in many cases, be attributed to sleep paralysis. The Carrowmore passage tombs on the Cil Iorra Peninsula in County Sligo, are associated with the Cailleach. [37] A study comparing rates and characteristics of sleep paralysis in Egypt and Denmark found that the phenomenon is three times more common in Egypt versus Denmark. Mushrooms need more soil nitrogen than grass does. [40] In his History of the Goths (1628), Swedish writer Olaus Magnus makes this connection, saying that fairy rings are burned into the ground by the dancing of elves. Breaking a night hag's heartstone was one of the best tactics when fighting them since it weakened them and prevented them from moving to other planes without assistance. Through this method, night hags could gradually wear down their prey both physically and mentally, sapping their vitality while driving them mad in the hopes that they would grow even more depraved. The story of Karontor's descent had him learn dark, magical secrets from an ancient race of subterranean hags after his banishment by Annam stripped him of his own spellcasting. 5e One thing is certain: the emphasis on the witch in art, literature, theatre, and film has little relation to external reality. [1] Other efforts that may be tried include sleep hygiene, cognitive behavioral therapy, and antidepressants. The underground presence of the fungus can also cause withering or varying colour or growth of the grass above. [2], While typically solitary, hags occasionally felt a desire for companionship, something they typically sated by collecting servitors. diaphragmatic breathing, mindfulness, progressive muscle relaxation, meditation). A sorcerer, magician, or witch attempts to influence the surrounding world through occult (i.e., hidden, as opposed to open and observable) means. Befitting the disease-using nature of night hags, the deaths they caused were often mistaken as a kind of supernatural plague resistant to all forms of healing, leading some to try to quarantine the area and thus accidentally leave the people trapped within in the clutches of the hag. [2][3][8] Their reversed sense of value extended to aesthetics as well, for hags were known to relish their moral and physical ugliness, as well as the horror that they evoked, and be disgusted by the beautiful to the point of disfiguring those who were attractive. [81] Nevertheless, fairy boons are not without their curses, and tales often tell of the sprites exacting their revenge. [8][12] Regardless of what guise they donned or act they put on however, such impersonation would always be superficial, because the physical forms of all hags were merely reflections, the twisted moldings of the ugliness in their own hearts. [37] When sleep paralysis is interpreted through a particular cultural filter, it may take on greater salience. [17], She is also associated with other Scottish mountains. Atop Ben Cruachan she fell asleep on her watch and a well she was tending overflowed, running down from the highlands and flooding the valleys below, forming first a river and then the loch. [4][5] They all had magic to some degree, commonly being capable of creating illusions to hide their true forms, and they themselves were naturally resistant to magic. Annam All-Father was said in some myths to have mated with a vastly tall ogress who used magic to hide her ugliness, thus producing Vaprak. [2] Other conditions that can present similarly include narcolepsy, atonic seizure, and hypokalemic periodic paralysis. William Shakespeare alludes to them in A Midsummer Night's Dream, Act II, Scene I[63][83] ("And I serve the fairy queen, / To dew her orbs upon the green" and "To dance our ringlets to the whistling wind"),[84] and The Tempest, Act V, Scene I:[42], you demi-puppets that [2], Over many centuries, most hags discovered certain supernatural phenomena most aptly described as "weird magic". [2] This could possibly be in the form of freeing captives or granting requested knowledge regarding local lore, evil creatures, or mysterious magic, and such deals were unlikely to have dire consequences. This time was spent in a state of deep concentration and meditation, that prevented them from doing anything besides eating, drinking and sleeping, and anything that disrupted the process forced them to start over again. Cegilune was unaware of her waning adoration until her eternal beauty was ended by her first wrinkle. An Emporium hag, Vomiss, complaining about ex-customer. Gearid Crualaoich believes this comes from a word meaning 'sharp, shrill, inimical' bior[ach] or beur[ach] and refers to the Cailleach's association with winter and wilderness, as well as her association with horned beasts or cattle. [7] On the South Downs in southern England, Calocybe gambosa has formed huge fairy rings that also appear to be several hundred years old. [8][14] After disposing of the worst maggots and branding their merchandise they sold the rest to the highest bidders or in pre-arranged contracts, typically only trading the best but occasionally selling those of poor quality at a discount, often times to inexperienced liches. With Jocelin Donahue, Jesse Bradford, Jesse Borrego, Lori Petty. CNS Drugs [serial online]. The word is found as a component in terms like the Gaelic cailleach-dhubh ('nun') and cailleach-oidhche ('owl'),[1] as well as the Irish cailleach feasa ('wise woman, fortune-teller') and cailleach phiseogach ('sorceress, charm-worker'). Are his till his deein' day. At first this was ignored or even seen as a positive until important figures or those whose crimes were unknown to the populace began dying in their sleep. Type 5ft (1.5m)[4] 3rd Edition Statistics[3] [26], Night hag: The most vile and nightmarish of the hags, night hags were fey turned fiends, so vile even compared to the rest of their kind that they were banished from the Feywild. [7][10], The exact methodology and timing of it was argued over, but the general idea of the changeling or caliban, was that a hag replaced their daughters with those of other races to continue their lineage. [8][12][13] Material hags were sometimes contended with but always haughtily looked down on, subjugated either as individuals or in preestablished covens and never joined as equals. Approximately 3050% of people that have been diagnosed with narcolepsy have experienced sleep paralysis as an auxiliary symptom. [15] The two mountains on the Isle of Skye named Beinn na Caillich (western and eastern) after her, from which fierce storms of sleet and rain descend, wreaking havoc and destruction upon the lands below. In many parts of the Southern United States, the phenomenon is known as a, In contemporary western culture the phenomenon of supernatural assault are thought, Several studies show that African-Americans may be predisposed to isolated sleep paralysisknown in folklore as "the witch is riding your back" "the witch is riding you", This page was last edited on 6 November 2022, at 12:24. Instead, hags had to go out and find a suitable newborn child to kill and replace with their own spawn, parasitically leeching off whatever race or culture the hag targeted as she sadistically watched her daughter's growth and the impact it had on those around them. 905. Rituals had to be performed thirteen days after the last and involved the night hag suckling the child and feeding the child living larva flesh, a process that took an hour. [2], Annis: The most physically powerful and feared of the hags, annis hags were ferocious savages with nails and teeth like iron. The best way to differentiate between the two is to note when the attacks occur most often. Subsequent generations of fungi grow only outward, because the parent generations have depleted their local nitrogen levels. Zombies are most commonly found in horror and fantasy genre works. Although many theorized that night hags were some strange adaptation of soul larva, none could deny the enigmatic connection between the worms and the witches. Her followers found themselves twisted by the malevolence infused in what once was her blessings, her water-walking prophets becoming sea hags, sweet-voiced songs becoming green hags, and powerful protectors becoming annis hags. Competition was fierce to avoid having to take in the Old Woman. [10][13], According to some scientists, culture may be a major factor in shaping sleep paralysis. To describe them as merely ugly was an immeasurable understatement and comparing them to human women at all could be seen as an affront to the gender. Average height Even ignoring the Feywild, areas where magic energy was strong and the lines between worlds was tenuous were favorable to hags. While wild men were always depicted as living outside of civilization, there was an ongoing [10][11] Several measures are available to reliably diagnose[17][18] or screen (Munich Parasomnia Screening)[19] for recurrent isolated sleep paralysis. WebList of species in the series. witchcraft, traditionally, the exercise or invocation of alleged supernatural powers to control people or events, practices typically involving sorcery or magic. Creating a new one first required at least a day for the blinded coven mate to recover and had to be done at least three days after the eye was destroyed, some reports stating they could only make one once per month. Even with their knowledge and magic, hags were only accepted as courtiers in courts if they were weak or humble enough to create a less hideous guise to prevent them from staining their surroundings. [17] Some interpretations have the Cailleach and Brghde as two faces of the same goddess,[17] while others describe the Cailleach as turning to stone on Bealltainn and reverting to humanoid form on Samhainn in time to rule over the winter months. [1][8][13] Visits from a night hag in such a fashion only had to last an hour before all benefits of a night's rest was lost and powerful restoration magic was normally required to help victims recover. Alignment Various depictions of hags [2] Lucid dreaming doesn't affect the chances of sleep paralysis but some lucid dreamers use this as a method of having a lucid dream. [17][18], On the west coast of Scotland, the Cailleach ushers in winter by washing her great plaid (Gaelic: fileadh mr) in the Gulf of Corryvreckan (Gaelic: Coire Bhreacain - 'whirlpool/cauldron of the plaid'). [11], Dream haunting night hags slowly savored their kills from the safety of their hideouts, first targeting community outcasts such as criminals and deviants. For example, the ambient magical energy of a burial ground or a ring of fallen standing stones could still hold echoes of ancient, death-related power that a hag would wish to capitalize on. 2e Legend has it that if she intends to make the winter last a good while longer, she will make sure the weather on 1 February is bright and sunny, so she can gather plenty of firewood to keep herself warm in the coming months. WebLilith (/ l l / LIH-lith; Hebrew: , romanized: Ll) is a female figure in Mesopotamian and Judaic mythology, alternatively the first wife of Adam and supposedly the primordial she-demon. And after all I've done for him. [1][2] Despite embodying that which was horrible and brutal in nature, they still disrupted the natural order,[8] for hags were miserable creatures of scorn and hate that did evil purely for evil's sake. 5e [7], As the story went, when the world was young and dark, many terrors lurked in the shadows. While fiends viewed hags more favorably thanks to their service they were also quick to overlook them as a mere merchant race. Size The man destroyed a nest of rooks in a tree surrounded by a fairy ring. If you're lucky, she only wants to make you miserable instead of just killing you. Celestials attempting to weaken the forces of evil without making themselves out as targets sometimes conducted covert operations against the nightmare queens, secretly slaughtering them and their herd based on the logic that killing fiends while they were weak was the best strategy, although it was unclear if it actually worked or merely angered the hags. From the bottom of the multiverse, a pit in the Gray Waste known as Hag's End, she brewed new abominations and used profane magic in her spiteful schemes. [1][5] This natural sense of superiority was, in some cases, unwarranted,[10] and while they were extremely clever, their confidence could lead them to accidentally reveal something during conversation that the more cautious wouldn't let slip. Sleep paralysis among Cambodians is known as the ghost pushes you down,[35] and entails the belief in dangerous visitations from deceased relatives. For example, in a legend from Carmarthenshire, recorded by Sikes, a man is rescued from a fairy ring only to crumble to dust. [37] Their names in European languages often allude to supernatural origins; they are known as ronds de sorcires ("witches' circles") in French, and Hexenringe ("witches' rings") in German. [2][13] Though hags were known to employ ogres, the term brute was generally misleading since hags preferred employees willing and capable of cunning cruelty as opposed to strong but stupid bumblers. French tradition reported that fairy rings were guarded by giant bug-eyed toads that cursed those who violated the circles. 245. If they make an arc or a ring, they continuously grow about the centre of this object. [8], The other, more direct advantage, was that hags working in a coven obtained powers far beyond what they could achieve alone through a combination of their individual ritual magic. [14], Night hags were the nightmare queens of Hades,[8] but not due to overwhelming power and threats or far-reaching and complex plotting. For example, a hag might offer some secret knowledge or magical item to her assailants in exchange for their lives, holding back parts of the identification or delivering instructions that could backfire with curses or unseen side effects. [32] Such sleep paralysis was widely considered the work of demons, and more specifically incubi, which were thought to sit on the chests of sleepers. No! Those found in the woods are called tethered, because they are formed by mycorrhizal fungi living in symbiosis with trees. On the one hand, artists were genuinely interested in the culture such imagery represented, and on the other, fairies could be depicted as titillating nudes and semi-nudes without offending Victorian mores, which made them a popular subject of art collectors. 4e Episodes of sleep paralysis can occur in the context of several medical conditions (e.g., narcolepsy, hypokalemia). [64] Most often, someone who violates a fairy perimeter becomes invisible to mortals outside and may find it impossible to leave the circle. They were cold-hearted crones who reveled in the greed that bad conditions brought out. [8][12][13], Night hags had an array of magical powers at their disposal, including the ability to cast ray of enfeeblement, sleep and magic missile as spell-like abilities. Almost all types could take on the forms of regular old ladies,[1][8] but some could appear to be attractive youths, diminutive giants and even vaguely humanoid animals like bears. [2][14], Despite their myriad flaws, hags were not just willing, but happy to make bargains with others, although not out of any sense of genuine generosity. Trade wi' me an' I won' bite yer! [1], The condition may occur in those who are otherwise healthy or those with narcolepsy, or it may run in families as a result of specific genetic changes. [2][5] Their names were given to them by their predecessors, but ultimately decided by the hag in question, the birth name potentially influencing the decision, and they were usually whimsical in a black comedy sense. The Brew of Cegilune's Blessing on the other hand rendered any goodly being that drank it unconscious for several hours and sapped even more of their fortitude. In other cases she is said to have built the mountains intentionally, to serve as her stepping stones. She had seven periods of youth one after another, so that every man who had lived with her came to die of old age, and her grandsons and great-grandsons were tribes and races. [2], Hags had no desire to be tied down by others, taking pride in their independence from the rest of the world, including from other hags. In Eastern Chinese folklore, it is thought that a mouse can steal human breath at night. Within their lairs, such hags were even more dangerous, able to throw people into the air without touching them and banish others to special prison demiplanes for a few brief seconds. [9], The pathophysiology of sleep paralysis has not been concretely identified, although there are several theories about its cause. [16] The identification of a genetic component means that there is some sort of disruption of a function at the physiological level. Fungus mycelium is present in the ring or arc underneath. [14], Other FiendsAchaierai Barghest Canomorph (Haraknin Shadurakul) Hell hound Hordling Howler Larva Maelephant Marrashi Night hag Nightmare Rakshasa Succubus Vargouille Yeth hound. There was neither a witch-cult nor any cult, either organized or disorganized, of a Horned God or of any Goddess; Western witches were not members of an ancient pagan religion; and they were not healers or midwives. Medium [63][74] The person rescued from the fairy ring may have no memory of their encounter with the sprites, as in a story from Anglesea recorded in 1891. The emotional state of their marks by the end wasn't necessarily a relevant factor to the fiendish corrupter. The Cailleach is often referred to as the Cailleach Bhara[ch] in Irish and Cailleach Bheurra[ch] in Scottish Gaelic. A grand bazaar located in Oinos along the River Styx, the Emporium was the commercial center of the Lower Planes where demon, devil, lich or otherwise went to acquire premium larva. One not uncommon hallucination is the presence of an Incubus. This was especially useful if the visitor wanted to avoid being known to have dealings with the hags, adding time pressure to her list of advantages, and they were known to sweeten deals by including obviously exploitable loopholes.[2]. [2][1], In terms of bargaining behavior, hags could be compared to fiends, both of which used their many resources to make deals with mortals in order to corrupt them, but there was a fundamental difference between the two. Those who were dancing never swerved from the perfect circle; but some were clambering over the old cromlech, and others chasing each other with surprising swiftness and the greatest glee. Evil beings, hags rely on magic, deceit, illusion and even blackmail to lure their victims in. They were thought to view the multiverse as a constant power struggle where the roles of master and servant were in a state of constant flux. [9][21], Sleeping in the supine position is believed to make the sleeper more vulnerable to episodes of sleep paralysis because in this sleeping position it is possible for the soft palate to collapse and obstruct the airway. WebWalpurgis Night (2 C, 5 P) Witchcraft (19 C, 19 P) Pages in category "Supernatural legends" The following 165 pages are in this category, out of 165 total. Typically they consisted of a first name and then either a preceding title or last name to follow it. For weirdless days and weary nights The first night in town, he came across a man named Sam who had spent much of his life banishing ghosts. I wish it was because I'd been traveling far and wide, working to bring you more tips and tricks on how to triumph over evil. These plans used a combination of innate magic, supernatural items and techniques, guile, and help from others. [2], When a coven member was killed, the survivors tried to recruit a replacement to keep the group together, effectively starting tryouts where applicants competed to prove their malice. Hello, and welcome to Protocol Entertainment, your guide to the business of the gaming and media industries. Hersen, Turner & Beidel. Several types of hallucinations have been linked to sleep paralysis: the belief that there is an intruder in the room, the feeling of a presence, and the sensation of floating. Cegilune was a silver-haired beauty whose worship spread across the world and who received constant attempts to court her favor. [19][20][21] She viewed lesser night hags as sisters and kept numerous types of hags in her rolling boulder fortress in Malbolge. WebVerse 13. Those born after nine months typically lived until their mid-forties, showing minor predilections up until that pointed towards traits foreshadowing their futures; young annis hags were often dark-skinned, powerful and aggressive, young green hags attractive prima donnas and young sea hags plain and pale with toxic personalities. Elizabeth B. Soot from "A Brush with Evil: On Hags". Darkvision[1] [12][14][15], The nightmare queens of Hades never needed to sleep themselves,[8] although it was rumored that they went through vulnerable periods where they had to take great care to protect themselves. Listoghil, A Seasonal Alignment, 2014, Gungho Publications, Jeffares, Alexander Norman. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Abyssal, Celestial, Common,[1] Elven,[2] Infernal, Primordial[1] [1][4][5] Hag eyes required the effort of an entire hag coven to craft, although the details of their creation were possibly malleable. [14], Occasionally the rogue fiend or unscrupulous mortal would attempt to take up the larva trade as an entrepreneur, a practice likely to get them killed before their first deal by their competition and that was never taken seriously. The ravenous hags could devour entire humans in only ten minutes, preferring their flesh to others and consuming that of demihumans or creatures like orcs when needed. They have the heads and torsos of ugly women, long talons, and bird bodies. [34] A replacement roof of a wooden pallet having collapsed and the whole building having become somewhat ruinous it was rebuilt by a local dyker in 2011. 4th Edition Statistics[3] Creating an altraloth was so incredibly taxing for the night hags involved that they would be rendered helpless for months if not years after. [2], There are two theories regarding the process involved in creating fairy rings. [13] A more obscure word that is sometimes interpreted as 'hag' is the Irish sle, which has led some to speculate on a connection between the Cailleach and the stonecarvings of Sheela na Gigs. [15], In Scotland, the Cailleachan (lit. [2], Though hags were known to inhabit both the Feywild and the Prime Material Plane, many were known to settle where the divide between the two was thin, allowing them to interact with beings from both realms. [7][6], Aside from Cegilune, there was also the unpredictable archfey known as Baba Yaga, the so-called Mother of Witches, or the archdevil Malagard, referred to as the Hag Countess. [38] Fairy rings are associated with diminutive spirits in the Philippines. Hags rarely looked for mortals to bargain with because their desire to make offers and enforce deals was outweighed by their love of being in positions of power, something that she gained when someone came to her instead of vice versa. Her good sense eclipsed by anger, Cegilune went on a killing spree, murdering hundreds of her former followers while the children of the moon went on a bloody crusade. Images of fairies dancing in circles became a favourite trope of painters in the Victorian period. [2], An iconic part of hag mythology and one of their most potent creations were the magic items known as hag eyes,[10][7] made from gemstones of reportedly varying worth and the real eye of a hag's victim. [54] One source near Afon fach Blaen y Cae, a tributary of the Dwyfach, tells of a shepherd accidentally disturbing a ring of rushes where fairies are preparing to dance; they capture him and hold him captive, and he even marries one of them. Revelation 1:1; Revelation 4:1; Revelation 19:9, 10), but there is no certainty in the matter.Omit "unto me." [12], Another major theory is that the neural functions that regulate sleep are out of balance in such a way that causes different sleep states to overlap. 1e Old Norse mara), hence comes the mare part in nightmare. History "A clinician's guide to recurrent isolated sleep paralysis", "Lifetime prevalence rates of sleep paralysis: A systematic review", "Comparing the Content of Sleep Paralysis and Dream Reports", "Isolated sleep paralysis and fearful isolated sleep paralysis in outpatients with panic attacks", "Development and validation of the Munich Parasomnia Screening (MUPS)", "Situational factors affecting sleep paralysis and associated hallucinations: position and timing effects", "The neuropharmacology of sleep paralysis hallucinations: serotonin 2A activation and a novel therapeutic drug", "Abduction by Aliens or Sleep Paralysis? The tiefling Malraxus ran a coffee shop the size of a small town called the Blood Grind, where travelers could order exquisite Abyssal coffee and gossip about the latest Blood War news. [8][12] They were also rumored to consume hopes and dreams, a fitting theory for denizens of the Gray Wastes.[12]. Fey Not everything in a hag's home was magical; some had magical uses, but others were strange creatures, bits of lore, and things of magical origin. [42] In Southern Italy, sleep paralysis is usually explained with the presence of a sprite standing on the people's chest: if the person manages to catch the sprite (or steal his hat), in exchange for his freedom (or to have his hat back) he can reveal the hiding place of a rich treasure; this sprite has different names in different regions of Italy: Monaciello in Campania, Monachicchio in Basilicata, Laurieddhu or Scazzamurill in Apulia, Mazzmuredd in Molise. It has also been known that one may feel pressure on their chest and intense pain in their head during an episode. Though she did have devotees who praised her virtues while cursing and sacrificing her enemies at gristly shrines, hags for the most part had no love for their own goddess. [20] There was speculation, due to their link to soul larva, that night hags originated from them or were a refinement of the hateful hordlings that ravaged the Gray Wastes. WebThe night hag is a generic name for a folkloric creature found in cultures around the world, and which is used to explain the phenomenon of sleep paralysis. Cegilune herself was left weakened by her tantrum, for even having hoarded her power, the fit left her exhausted and ruined her beauty, leaving her a pale reflection of herself and forcing her too to flee to the deepest, loneliest crater in existence. A Commentary on the Collected Poems of W.B. These could be lewd jokes or comments at their expense or more threatening asides about various means with which they could be harmed, and by no means were hags hesitant to make good on these statements if made to lose their tempers.[2]. This magic took on a multitude of forms, ranging from unique rituals to magic items, all of which were strange and unusual in the sense that they didn't follow the normal rules for magic. Baba Lysaga, an ancient hag capable of love. [24], Pimavanserin has been proposed as a possible candidate for future studies in treating sleep paralysis. These include insomnia, sleep deprivation, an erratic sleep schedule, stress, and physical fatigue. But he wha gaes by the fairy ring, Hair color(s) [2][8] For one, hags in a coven were able to put together forces with greater variety. When she is finished, her plaid is pure white and snow covers the land. [7], Though this time was horrible, it was merely a phase; Cegilune's hateful response proved unwise as her younger rivals had far more collective worshipers then she did, and those that weren't killed were driven to the dark wilderness of the world. Alignment 2nd Edition Statistics[4] Size [1][10] Magic items that a hag needed to keep a literal eye on had the hag's eye worked into it so that they could chase down and slaughter the unsuspecting thief.[10]. [10][1], Hagspawn: The male counterparts to changelings, hagspawn inherited the strength and endurance of their forebears without the magic or inevitable transformation. This list may not reflect recent changes. Is to make midnight mushrooms, that rejoice Alignment In nineteenth century Europe, the vagaries of diet were thought to be responsible. In later tales she is known as the Cailleach nan Cruachan ("the witch of Ben Cruachan"). Research has found a genetic component in sleep paralysis. In Old English the name for these beings was mare or mre (from a proto-Germanic *marn, cf. Language(s) Evil How exactly the night hags came across the recipe for them, whether it was discovered by Cegilune or the baernoloths (unlikely given the disregard both the goddess and the enigmatic creatures displayed to their respective followers) or if a coven merely discovered it on their own was unknown. The original definition of sleep paralysis was codified by Samuel Johnson in his A Dictionary of the English Language as nightmare, a term that evolved into our modern definition. [2], The other type were brutes, mercenaries under a hag's employ with free will that ran errands, roughed up assigned targets, patrolled unimportant areas and otherwise attended to laborious tasks beneath the hag's personal attention. As expert con merchants themselves they were incredibly difficult to fool, but after discovering they were deceived could waste years, potentially forever, crafting evermore intricate schemes to outsmart their target. 5e [67] In variants from Scotland recorded by Edwin Sidney Hartland in 1891, the ring is replaced by a cavern or an old mill. Want to know a dark secret? Night[5] Homeland(s) One superstition is that anyone who steps into an empty fairy ring will die at a young age. 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