My question is, XWayland is more performatic than X11 for gaming or it's just a specific case? Awesome. It also makes tasks such as dragging windows, resizing them or switching them to full screen feel that much more smooth and modern. Xlib and XCB are libraries implementing the client-side of the Xserver/X Windowing system display server protocol (speaking the X11 protocol). This is reliable, but it is very slow by modern standards, and when comparing it to newer systems, such as Wayland. The basic concept behind the process model for Wayland is that it is the server and client combined, which means it communicates directly with the compositor. There are also a lot of new features that you can experiment with, like GPU sharing or Wayland specific compositors to try out. https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/gui/#window-content-updates-implementation, https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-gui-agent-linux/blob/master/xf86-input-mfndev/src/qubes.c, https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-gui-agent-linux/blob/8c1238b/gui-agent/vmside.c#L261-L303, https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-gui-daemon/blob/94fd49d/gui-daemon/xside.c#L2274-L2363, Change default screen locker from XScreenSaver, http://phd.mupuf.org/files/fosdem2013_drinext_drm2.pdf, Make sharing a single window work with Jitsi in Firefox, https://spectrum-os.org/lists/hyperkitty/list/discuss@spectrum-os.org/thread/3VYGG3QLV37IJDQL3SZZMTOTJ5ZZKZFL/, https://app.bountysource.com/issues/52352776-use-wayland-instead-of-x11-to-increase-performance, https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/platform2/+/HEAD/vm_tools/sommelier/. Wayland functionality for Spectrum OS will be integrated into upstream Wayland, which might be interesting for Qubes OS: The API for 3 sounds (deceptively?) Wayland is cool but only supported by GNOME, KDE and sway. Wayland is a display server protocol that is a FreeDesktop.org project with development being driven by multiple organizations. I'm having a hard time deciding whether to use X11 or Wayland for my KDE / Plasma session as I seek the best from both worlds. It is lightweight, and it will not take up as many resources on your system as X11 would, although modern systems tend to handle X11 just fine. Did anyone get a chance to try the following? An X11 sommelier instance provides X11 forwarding. I hope it is true. Sign in https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=423230. I recommend against Sommelier. However, wl_shm::create_pool and wl_shm events should be intercepted so that the stub compositor and guivm wayland client both create file descriptors in their VMs, and the guivm maps a foreign range (or asks dom0 to do so, I'm not sure quite how that would work) to link together the contents of those two memory ranges. Wayland and X11 are two different display server technologies that allow you to see your desktop and manage the windows that each application and tool generates on the desktop. Modern GPUs support both, so one could use hardware isolation between VMs, and software isolation within a VM. Commands, including shared memory setup and keyboard input, should be proxied through a client in the guivm and a stub compositor in the appvm. Currently we only have one GuiVM (dom0) which must already be ultimately trusted and already has full access to everything anyway. If you are looking to experiment and try out something new, then Wayland is a great way to do just that. With Wayland graphics processing happens within the context of the application, and only a framebuffer is shared to the compositor. 200.43.8.16 Wayland has the advantage of being visibly faster, to the point where you can see the mouse cursor and desktop effects working more smoothly. Wayland is designed to be easier to use than X11. We use MIT-SHM extension If for some reason that is invalid (or missing) then generating a custom edid.bin (with the desired display resolution) may be necessary. I would be interested in working on this for Google Summer of Code if the Qubes project decides to join. If you also consider that Wayland is a newer project, it has had less time to gather deprecated and bloated code, making it more agile and reactive than the aged X11 protocol. This is why it is possible to forward X11 sessions over SSH, giving you a secure remote session to a graphical desktop on a networked server or PC. I'm waiting for this one to try out Cubes OS. For the benchmarks today was loading up a clean install of Ubuntu 21.04 with its Linux 5.11 kernel, GNOME Shell 3.38.4, and Mesa 21.0.1 while looking at the gaming performance between the X.Org and Wayland sessions. X11 for desktop Wayland for Laptop reasoning, everything I need to do works perfectly fine or even better on Wayland. Wayland uses a simple, modern approach: client side rendering. Wayland vs X11 Battery Performance Hi, I am quite willing to try Wayland though it's still not too developed in terms of stability when compared to X11 but I came across some claims that since Wayland is newer the battery performance is better on Wayland than X11. Since switching to a 144 Hz monitor, I visually noticed that desktop compositing still runs at 60 FPS in the X11 Plasma session (doesn't affect Wayland). Raspberry Pi 4B 4GB / Bullseye 64-bit Beta / Openbox / Thunar. Further research does show it is basically PV. Wayland is trying to develop a new way of managing your graphical system and how you interact with it. However it has the disadvantage of being a lot more buggy and requiring . Wayland adds clear separation of applications. X11 is very resilient to such things, part of the reason I can think is the age of the codebase. There isnt currently an official draft standard to make Wayland the standard, which means that it could still be some time before it becomes accepted as a mainstream alternative to X11. This means that we may have to make significant changes to each desktop environment. This makes load times much quicker in theory and is technically easier to implement, thanks to the simplified codebase that Wayland brings to the table. http://phd.mupuf.org/files/fosdem2013_drinext_drm2.pdf specifically references Qubes, so I would hope that security has been a legitimate consideration in the new API development. That is to say, the GuiVM is obviously necessarily in the TCB of any VM which it controls input to / sees output from. However, that reminds me of another problem: Screen lockers, like the rest of the compositor, are all part of the same window manager process. The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: Not to rain on the wayland parade, but I'm not convinced the potential benefit over the current system is as large as you portray. Clarification: theoretically GuiVM may not have full control over input. This should be much more efficient (both in CPU usage and power consumption) than CPU-side compositing by the X server, but requires caution to ensure that a client cannot draw outside of what Qubes OS considers the borders of its window. (I may also just be misunderstanding X Display Lists though). It looks like NVIDIA and AMD also have some interesting (SR-IOV for AMD) isolation features for fancier GPUs, although those seem really really expensive and only easily available on certain servers. X11 doesn't support RDP, it supports fake input and screen capture which RDP servers use though. No one expects Wayland to already support everything it has to. In the past we've looked at the Radeon Linux gaming performance for X.Org vs. Wayland. All tested Wayland compositors have achieved a slightly better frame rate than the X11 ones. The X11 machine runs the ChromeOS X11 driver, with a client which plays video through OpenGL ES at all times. XFCE4, LXQt, i3-WM, WireGuard, Samba, Kodi, Latest MESA graphics drivers! . Xwayland is used to accomplish this. One major advantage of Wayland is that Wayland subsurfaces can be mapped by the GUIVM and composited on the GPU. Even with the problems @jpouellet mentioned, I think that there still could be be some advantages. Animations would stutter and freeze, and the system in general would feel sluggish on X11, while now it's so weirdly smooth with Wayland, that I'm kinda still in shock at how well it's all running. The reference Wayland implementation is the Weston compositor. Firefox is particularly bad for this. https://spectrum-os.org/ is a project to build a compartmentalized OS on crosvm, nixos, and wayland, still early days but really exciting. But in the first version it probably will have full control. It all boils down to what you want to do with your graphical system, what kind of environment you will be running your system in, and compatibility between your applications and Wayland. Wayland also removes X11's client-server concept (usually for the better), but you might find that remote desktops don't work the way you're used to. As of this beta the WebXR support for Godot 4 is now fully on par . Re: Wayland rendering performance on X11? It's better now though a small difference is still perceptible between the two. And I am interested in being a GSoC mentor for Qubes again. Glitches with Wayland still are (Based on this week's test on Plasma 5.21.1): Horrible performance compared to X11; Very crashy, especially when hotplugging secondary display. It has been in development for some time, which has left many people wondering if it will actually materialize as a viable alternative to X11. Your IP: Too complex? The desktop is very smooth and there's no tearing anymore, on the other hand, Hey, look what I found, it also has the only game I install on all my computers, Is there a way to use X11 on ubuntu 21.04? However, wl_shm::create_pool and wl_shm events should be . advantages of Wayland is that its faster That's a strange advantage to list. For more details, contact the Forum Administrators. The X server, Wayland compositors, and Mir are implementations of display servers. The performance in those other workloads was obviously unchanged but it was the overall RAM usage and power consumption we were most curious about: Over the course of all the benchmarks ran, using the GNOME Wayland session led to ~200MB higher RAM usage compared to the X.Org session. Also, it seems that modern drivers already virtualize the GPU, with isolation enforced either in hardware or software. without copying inside gui-daemon. This thing is now officially a (secondary) desktop computer. That said, due to Wayland's forced vsync, gaming on it is utterly digusting. In the final analysis, you should try installing a fresh OSwith X11 and Wayland and then test it for yourself. Wouldn't using wayland increase the security of xscreensaver too? You signed in with another tab or window. 2 comments 100% Upvoted This process is the client side rendering aspect that we mentioned above. Here are some benchmarks of the NVIDIA 510 driver on the current state of Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. X11 Sommelier because I'm always using remote connection to use my pi, and with wayland the experience is really bad and I can't use V3D, only the software renderer. Wayland also aims to be easier to integrate into Linux systems with more straight-forward code. As it stands currently, Wayland has support in the GNOME desktop environment and some other platforms such as KDEs KWin. As a result, today, X11 acts largely as "a really terrible" communications protocol between the client and the window manager. A single X11 sommelier instance is typically shared across all X11 clients as they often expect that they can use a shared X server for communication. (X11) might offer better performance. It may be reduced to only controlling input focus. I'm on Ubuntu 22.04.1, all latest updates, Nvidia 1650 Q Max with 515 proprietary, and latest steam. X11 is the protocol implemented by X Windows System while Wayland is the protocol used by Wayland Compositor. I think we could still reduce RAM usage by sharing the same memory for the framebuffer in the client in the AppVM, the stub compositor in the AppVM, the stub client in the GuiVM, and the real compositor in the GuiVM. CBT Nuggets uses cookies to give you the best experience on our website. Remember the Golden Rule of Selling: Do not resort to violence.McGlashan. Wayland's main advantage over X is that it starts from scratch. Forums / NoMachine Terminal Server Products / Virtual Desktop : Wayland vs. X11 - Gnome Classic vs. Gnome Standard. Cloudflare Ray ID: 777eeb625de7f81a Take what I advise as advice not the utopian holy grail, and it is gratis !! 46 43 Wayland has the advantage of being visibly faster, to the point where you can see the mouse cursor and desktop effects working more smoothly. A little update on this: I found part of the reason why X11 wasn't as fast as Wayland for me. Get great content delivered to your inbox. Probably the biggest one from the graphics side is that Wayland doesn't do any drawing. On most systems, the difference is that wayland is tear-free by default and it's faster than tear-free X11. Furthermore, it manages compositing itself. At minimum, it would just be to have coloured decorations. what has changed with the new ISOs is that plasma-wayland-session is installed now by default and that gives you the option to choose between Wayland and X11 on the logon screen (lower left corner)." This comment indicates that Wayland session has been removed for future ISO Did Manjaro KDE switched to Wayland? small: Of course, these are just ideas, and I could be completely and utterly wrong. specifically to map the composition buffers directly into X server, Wayland simplifies the graphics stack by trying to force everything through a GEM/DRM stack and straight into the kernel. Firefox is particularly bad for this. While I managed to tweak my desktop settings to prevent the base crashes, I'm now facing. This is by far the best way to see what works best for your own specific needs. Well occasionally send you account related emails. Registered users: acrux, Bing [Bot], claydoh, Daphazard, daret, dionatandiego, Google [Bot], Stephen Leibowitz, Powered by phpBB 2000, 2002, 2005, 2007 phpBB Group. Wayland is also superior when it comes to security. It has released multiple improvements and currently posts these to this websitewhen they unveil new versions. @blacklight447 Yes, screen lockers are harder to crash in Wayland. I believe this is highly unlikely to happen. Wayland relies on the display device EDID obtained via the KMS driver (as does Xorg). Well, here it is. Linux has had many vulnerabilities, but none in the mmap code, if I understand correctly. The NVIDIA Wayland support with GBM usage has stabilized and appears to be in good shape for the upcoming Ubuntu 22.04 LTS release. I understand this will be a long wait. Wayland is widely viewed as the likely successor to the X11 Server on the modern Linux desktop with it being supported by multiple Linux distributions. His own proxy (written in OCaml) is probably a better choice. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. Watch in 1080p 60p for best result. Multiple X11 sommelier instances can be used for improved isolation or when per-client configuration is needed, but it will be at the cost of losing the ability for programs to use the X server for communication between each other. From what I understand, this is true in "standard" Wayland, but there is a wlroots protocol extension, "input inhibitor", that allows the screen locker to operate as a separate process. Trap-and-emulate (shadow page tables). Add in higher resolutions AND multiple displays.and things get dicey REALLY quickly. One of the main reasons for X's complexity is that, over the years, its role has changed. Wayland has two communication methods; Commands over a Unix socket, and shared memory buffers through a file descriptor with mmap. Commands, including shared memory setup and keyboard input, should be proxied through a client in the guivm and a stub compositor in the appvm. Of these, 3 and 4 seem the most promising to me. The choice is yours. Re: Wayland alternatives to X11 commands. There is no right answer because both Wayland and X11 are great options with their own pluses and minuses that make them unique in different ways. Instead, it is a standard or specification that needs to be adopted by window managers and desktop e12/1nvironments. Thanks! Copyright 2012 KDE Community Forum Team. Wayland allows one to attach multiple displays with different densities, which is important for people with HiDPI laptops who want to use external displays. It may also be possible to do this in X11 with proper proxying of MIT-SHM, It is my understanding that that is already how things are done. This is a different entity than X11, which was created by the Open Group as an extension of XFree86s design. Most of the hardware that supports Wayland is Intels open source driver or AMDs open source driver. This is because the compositor is the display server: it allows for more efficient rendering and therefore better performance. They have a lot in common but also some key differences mainly in the way that the graphical data is relayed between application, window manager/compositor. Simply forwarding these commands to the guivm would be dangerous, so we would need to process within the Xorg server then send the displaylist sometime before the end of processing and rendering. I would be interested in working on this for Google Summer of Code if the Qubes project decides to join. However, I'd say that it's worth trying out now at least, especially for people who mainly use their RPi as a desktop computer. It seem to also support different seats (for gaming/ game controllers). This means Wayland will need to be adopted by the Linux Foundation and other organizations who can help with development, testing, and promoting its use before it becomes an official standard. Seems like it can be used as X11 compositor as well, and can replace current qubes-gui and qubes-guid. Godot continues making improvements to both its X11 and Wayland back-ends while this support on Linux to dynamically load X11 is important for the future Wayland-focused modern Linux desktop. All messages belong to and are the opinion of their respective authors.KDE and K Desktop Environment are trademarks of KDE e.V. I had performance regression with Manjaro / Sway / Firefox 89 , https://github.com/manjaro-arm-community/sway-images, https://github.com/manjaro-arm-communit .04.img.xz, https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/sata sb-adapter, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cuXsupMuik4, https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+sour ug/1930982, https://github.com/mpv-player/mpv/wiki/ yz_problem, https://9to5linux.com/collaboras-waylan or-support. In a majority of the native Linux games as well as Steam Play titles, the GNOME Wayland session with Ubuntu 21.04 . This cuts out any server type component that acts as a middleman, and lets the application communicate directly with the compositor that it wishes to render a window for. Nevertheless, I will have to look into how much the GuiVM is trusted, and if cache attacks originating from it would be a concern. My understanding is that that is just buffer management everything else is handled in hardware. The protocol that Wayland uses also makes it easier for designers and developers alike to create cross-platform apps, which have always suffered from problems rendering on Linuxdue to compatibility issues between various versions of GTK or Qt. Yeah, not the biggest fan of Gnome myself, due to how resource heavy it is on weaker hardware, and not really a fan of the design language, so I usually go for a minimal install with Openbox. Wayland was created by a project called the Wayland project. But this could be still useful thing to do. AFAIR, a lot of OpenGL operations are preformed within the X server through the X OpenGL extensions. It doesn't make sense that a credit card sized PC can run 64-bit Ubuntu this well. My phone has 320+dpi. Simply put, Wayland is a display server protocol that seeks to replace X11. These parameters include screen size of the window, position and state (minimized, maximized etc). I'm really sorry for this happened. Witness the smoothness and snappiness of Ubuntu, on a credit card sized computer with 4 GB of RAM. This should be much more efficient (both in CPU usage and power consumption) than CPU-side compositing by the X server, but requires caution to ensure that a client cannot draw outside of what Qubes OS considers the borders of its window. The first and most obvious reason why you would want to use Wayland instead of X11 is the reduced latency between opening an application and having it render on your desktop. X has two drawing APIs. Have a question about this project? Touchpad gestures being one of them. I'm definitely in no position to make any promises about this project, but I look forward to seeing a proposal and your patches in general :). This topic has 1 reply, 2 voices, and was last updated 2 years, 2 months ago by fisherman. I also break down what the differences are between them and my personal experiences with each.. We only need to handle rendering commands (nothing else makes sense for a VM to do). X11 has been around for a while, and is starting to show its age thanks to legacy code that bloats the system. Couple it with recently released Firefox 89 which seems to have gotten a performance boost, and I'm officially in heaven. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. If you are running production systems or systems that rely on legacy applications, then X11 will be the better choice for you. By clicking Sign up for GitHub, you agree to our terms of service and I think KDE, GNOME, and Sway (i3 clone) support server-side decorations, so it shouldn't be too bad. In this post, we will compare Wayland to X11, look at the advantages of each one, and learn more about window management in Linux. I am starting work on forwarding Wayland between VMs. The problem is arbitrating access to it between VMs. By submitting this form you agree that you have read, understood, and are able to consent to our privacy policy. Fact is, X11 still shines to me as an end-user. Wayland has two communication methods; Commands over a Unix socket, and shared memory buffers through a file descriptor with mmap. It is written in C++ and Thomas Leonard found that it kept crashing for him. Part of this legacy structure is the client/server model that it employs to render windows. to your account. Wayland handles the clipboard differently from X11, so some programs might not copy and paste as expected. [NEW] Ubuntu - CM4/RPi4B custom image(s)! I refer you to https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/gui/#window-content-updates-implementation, Nevertheless, I will have to look into how much the GuiVM is trusted, IIUC it is ultimately trusted by necessity. The application itself draws the window that it will run in, instead of like in the case of the X11 server that needed to relay this information back and forth between the application and the compositor. The GVT-g approach of "just try to arbitrate everything in software" strongly reminds one of Xen paravirtualization, which we've moved away from in R4 because it's proven too hard to get right and became a liability. The simpler code that has been written for this protocol also gives it a performance edge over X11. The power usage, frame 'lateness' (difference between target display time and actual time), and CPU usage are shown, with Wayland providing a dramatic improvement in all these metrics. Wayland is trying to develop a new way of managing your graphical system and how you interact with it. #archlinux #godofwarpc #linuxgamingPC SpecsSystem specsAMD 3900XT (PBO enabled) - No OC - governor was set to performance by Gamemode and CoreCTRLAMD Sapphir. We can remove GVT-g from the picture: I thought it used newer isolation features since my laptop didn't support it, but I guess not. I have had much the same question: is Wayland, which is more elegantly programmed and, when it works, faster, given that it has so many issues? I have read and understood the privacy policy and am able to consent to it. Plasma would just crash. Other approaches which somehow result in at least some kind of indirect hw acceleration like Virgil 3d (translate/emulate shader IL) is a graphics-analog of QEMU (in full instruction emulation mode no less! shaders can be mutually isolated in different address spaces, enforced in hardware. On twin-GPU systems, where one GPU is not connected to any display, we can give that GPU to a VM entirely, relying on the IOMMU to prevent access to GPU-internal registers and firmware. However, this means that applications that wish to support Wayland will need to be updated or rewritten entirely as a different version to support this new standard. Seems to me to be similar to virtualizing a CPU without SLAT. This seems simple not more complicated than Xens own management of CPU memory, or a kernels management of mmapd buffers. Raspberry Pi and Android both support Wayland out of the box with no need for any additional drivers. In simple terms, X Windows System and Wayland determine how your program's display will appear depending on your actions. It pits Wayland vs Xorg but each has their place. These actions include clicking on a checkbox, moving the windows, clicking a button, etc. All rights reserved.KDE Community Forums has no liability for any content or post. Just wanted to say hi. As @jpouellet said, benefits may not be that large. The security risk is just too high IMO. As far as graphics acceleration, modern GPUs do have an MMU that can enforce page protection. privacy statement. While obviously suboptimal, this approach works fantastically in one (very important, IMO) use case: gaming. This presumes that those are not in the GPUs address space. Method. for comparison though. Shared memory does open us up to easy cache attacks, but I can't think of any one can do based off of a framebuffer, especially since one does not generally draw directly onto it because of double buffering, IIRC. small: I believe this API already exists, it is called "DMA-BUF". Wayland has been in development for a long time, so it is quite possible that unexpected issues could delay it even further. This means that applications that wish to use Wayland need to give all of their display information to Wayland. Wayland could make things easier here. If the X11 sommelier instance crashes in this setup, it takes all running X11 programs down with it. This has slowed down adoption to a certain extent, but most popular Linux distributions have made it available as part of their environments. Viewing 2 posts - 1 through 2 (of 2 total) . There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/platform2/+/HEAD/vm_tools/sommelier/. I found this Wayland/X11 nested compositor from ChromiumOS: https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/platform2/+/HEAD/vm_tools/sommelier/. At 100dpi that gives you 8.3 meters of display. There are lots of differences between X and Wayland. The memory use was looking at the freshly booted system's memory usage from Fedora 27 Workstation under X.Org and Wayland while idling at the desktop . I'll wait until it's ported to more DE's. As things stand, X11 is probably still the better choice, just from a compatibility perspective. However, this is also one of the few games stuck to running in windowed mode due to issues introduced with recent updates to the game when benchmarking. Long ago, a server would handle all the rendering requests and a rendering workstation would receive the graphics and windows that the server created. X11 has been around for a while, and is starting to show its age thanks to legacy code that bloats the system. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. Wayland handles the clipboard differently from X11, so some programs might not copy and paste as expected. Already on GitHub? I actually enjoy using it now. But at least for GNOME, there is big push to client-side decorations, so I'm not so sure about it. Xorg and X11 protocol in general is quite complex and from time to time we hit some strange interactions between different toolkits and our GUI. An AMD Radeon RX 6800 XT graphics card was used for all the testing today with many of the games being tested at both 1080p and 4K. I'm having a hard time deciding whether to use X11 or Wayland for my KDE / Plasma session as I seek the best from both worlds. X server can do that too if you enable compositing in window manager ), which Qubes has explicitly architected around not trusting. This means that we can simply attach GVT-g or comparable hardware graphics virtualuization to VMs without complex modifications to guid. A completely stuttery mess on high framrates/refresh rate. All other games work fine, tried several different video drivers in pairing with several different Proton drivers, just no luck. So I just updated Ubuntu to 21.04 on my RPi 4 (4GB) yesterday, and I'm shocked at how smooth and snappy it is now after the Wayland migration. Wayland rendering performance on X11? The user-space start-up time was quicker with the Wayland-based GNOME 3.26 Shell session taking just 22.4 seconds compared to 25.3 seconds reported by systemd when using the GNOME Shell on X.Org. X11 is primarily a display protocol, so it was designed to render graphics over the network. Normally it should run at the monitor's active refresh rate. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. IMO it's way too complex to be even worth considering from a security standpoint. Pro Prevents screen tearing Pro Easy to maintain Wayland has no drawing APIs. Lots of screen flickering, in fact, it's my new strobe light for inducing personal seizures. Paravirtualization. It can then be loaded at boot with the appropriate boot parameter. Yesterday it was crap, and ran like expected, today it's a new machine. Which means, between all of your displays you can only have 32,768 pixels. At the bottom level of the X client library stack are Xlib and XCB, two helper libraries (really sets of libraries) that . A 97-page guide to every Cisco, Juniper, F5, and NetApp certification, and how they fit into your career. https://spectrum-os.org/lists/hyperkitty/list/discuss@spectrum-os.org/thread/3VYGG3QLV37IJDQL3SZZMTOTJ5ZZKZFL/, There is now a bounty for this issue https://app.bountysource.com/issues/52352776-use-wayland-instead-of-x11-to-increase-performance, I found this Wayland/X11 nested compositor from ChromiumOS: Pro Better security Reduced use of root and isolating the input and output of every window. Thu May 28, 2020 2:54 pm I'm having a hard time deciding whether to use X11 or Wayland for my KDE / Plasma session as I seek the best from both worlds. Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community. You can. However it has the disadvantage of being a lot more buggy and requiring several tweaks to prevent session crashes, as well as missing features such as no proper clipboard functionality. Raspberry Pi 4 Ubuntu 21.04 testing Wayland VS X11 - YouTube 0:00 / 6:50 Raspberry Pi 4 Ubuntu 21.04 testing Wayland VS X11 19,073 views Apr 27, 2021 checking out ubuntu 21.04 on. This video goes over what Wayland and Xorg do. There is currently no working draft to make it a standard. The clients applications need to communicate with the X11 server before the compositor (window manager) can generate the window that is needed for the application to render properly. But I need to run some tests, compare I think KDE, GNOME, and Sway (i3 clone) support server-side decorations, so it shouldn't be too bad. All rendering in the guests happen in software, and IMO that's very unlikely to change unless GPUs get proper memory protection so e.g. What exactly would Wayland improve about this? It may also be possible to do this in X11 with proper proxying of MIT-SHM, but I can't find any code doing it, and doing so may increase complexity significantly. settings (I think it's enabled by default). Wayland has also been designed with security in mind and is not vulnerable to the same types of attacks that X11 is, such as the Unauthenticated Access exploit, although this has been patched in later releases for the most part. Gaming on X11 vs XWayland Yesterday I tried a SDL2 game (Salt and Sanctuary) on SwayWM XWayland then I installed I3-WM to try performance on native X11 and for my surprise, the game was running much better on XWayland. X11 (version 11 of X Server) has been in use since 1987, so it is well past its expiration date. That is to say, the GuiVM is obviously necessarily in the TCB of any VM which it controls input to / sees output from. Although this is not a security issue due to the guid security model, there are several advantages to using Wayland instead of X11: If allocations are on page boundaries, then we can use xc_map_foreign_rage (or the equivalent in the HAL) to map framebuffer pages directly from the client in the VM to the compositor in the guivm, Since framebuffers are mapped instead of copied, the proxy wayland compositor should use less memory than xorg (On a VM which currently has 800M of RAM and two windows, Xorg is using 1/6th of the physical memory). X11 has been in use for a very long time by computing standards, and it is reliable and stable. This can be attributed to the simplified graphics stack in Wayland. Performance & security by Cloudflare. Wayland also aims to be easier to integrate into Linux systems with more straight-forward code. It is not an application or a downloadable program. Under X11, the global pixel counter is 15bits. Some examples of Linux distributions that support Wayland are: The alpha version of Wayland 1.19.0 was released January 27, 2021. A few thoughts I wanted to write down so I don't forget: The main reason I wanted to start this in the first place was multiple DPI support, and that could be useful, although we have to deal with privacy concerns. Wayland has the advantage of being visibly faster, to the point where you can see the mouse cursor and desktop effects working more smoothly. Screen lockers, like the rest of the compositor, are all part of the same window manager process. I can think of a few solutions: Do not expose the MMU to VMs attempts to modify the MMU from a VM are trapped and ignored. For a complete list of X releases check out their website. So, from me, including GSoC 2018 (we will apply this year too). I have read and understood the privacy policy, and am able to consent to it. on a single user pc its mostly a "security circus" I disagree. Because Wayland is a protocol it takes quite a different approach to traditional X11 programmed applications, which also hampers its adoption. One major advantage of Wayland is that Wayland subsurfaces can be mapped by the GUIVM and composited on the GPU. The reality is that it has been developed over a very long period, which still contains many legacy components within its code that make it very difficult to develop any further. The current gui protocol/implementation already does have guests blit directly to a shared-memory framebuffer not requiring any copying between VMs. Click to reveal This means that we can simply attach GVT-g or comparable hardware graphics virtualuization to VMs without complex modifications to guid. @marmarek: How much will the GUI protocol need to change? It's shockingly snappy, but be sure to run it from an SSD or else you'll have a bad time! Use Wayland instead of X11 to increase performance. This stability comes at a performance cost, however. 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