Tony Award-winning actor Mark Rylance and Emmy Award-winner Damian Lewis star as Thomas Cromwell and King Henry VIII in this adaptation of Hilary Mantel's novels. Everyone knows about the Tudors. . 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[90] It is believed to rest in the Roper Vault of St Dunstan's Church, Canterbury,[91] perhaps with the remains of Margaret and her husband's family. His friend Erasmus defended More's character as "more pure than any snow" and described his genius as "such as England never had and never again will have. More insisted upon giving his daughters the same classical education as his son, an unusual attitude at the time. These peerages are also special in that they are never directly inherited. A restriction on the creation of peerages, but only in the Peerage of Ireland, was enacted under the Acts of Union 1800 that combined Ireland and Great Britain into the United Kingdom in 1801. It is labelled a history in the First Folio, and is usually considered one, but it is sometimes called a tragedy, as in the quarto edition. Hythlodaeus asserts that a man who refuses to believe in a god or an afterlife could never be trusted, because he would not acknowledge any authority or principle outside himself. Peerages may be created by means of letters patent, but the granting of new hereditary peerages has largely dwindled; only seven hereditary peerages have been created since 1965, four of them for members of the British royal family. Howard soon lost his nerve and the plan failed, but he made another effort to marry Mary in 1571 as part of the Ridolfi Plot. Note: The reference "CW" is to the relevant volume of the Yale Edition of the Complete Works of St. Thomas More (New Haven and London 19631997), English statesman and philosopher (14781535), "Sir Thomas More" redirects here. A peer may also disclaim a hereditary peerage under the Peerage Act 1963. After the festivities, he is struck down once again by his leg wound from his former jousting days while Catherine is with Culpepper. The lists do not show all contributions to every state ballot measure, or each independent expenditure committee formed to support or In 1531, a royal decree required the clergy to take an oath acknowledging the King as Supreme Head of the Church of England. Not all hereditary titles are titles of the peerage. In fact this was the other way round and although Rochford appears to weep on the block, many accounts have praised both her and Catherine for their alleged bravery in the face of death. [19]:299306 Moynahan argued that More was influential in the burning of Tyndale, as More's agents had long pursued him, even though this took place over a year after his own death.[41]. . Goofs In reality, Culpeper was a favourite of Henry's at court and a knight of the realm, having served as a courtier for other nobility as early as 1535. I refer it to your Judgments, my Lords, whether this can seem credible to any of your Lordships.[74]. The romance between Mary Tudor and Charles Brandon is fictionalized in, A 1908 motion picture of the same name or under the title, This page was last edited on 25 November 2022, at 04:54. The Kingdom of England (Latin: Regnum Anglorum, lit. Developed after the Second World War as a new town, it has existed since the 8th century and was granted its town charter by Henry VIII in Thomas Seymour introduces Catherine Parr at court and she catches the king's eye, even though married. [1], Norfolk was the Principal of the commission at York in 1568 to hear evidence against Mary, Queen of Scots, presented by Regent Moray, including the casket letters.[3]. [38] Later authors such as Brian Moynahan and Michael Farris cite Foxe when repeating these allegations,[39] although Diarmaid MacCulloch, while acknowledging More's "relish for burning heretics", finds no evidence that he was directly involved. But More was prudent and told her not to interfere with state matters. The fourth and final season covers Henry's ill-fated marriage to Catherine Howard and his final, more congenial, marriage to Catherine Parr. [29]:152, More's decision to educate his daughters set an example for other noble families. Essentially, descent is by the rules of male primogeniture, a mechanism whereby normally, male descendants of the peer take precedence over female descendants, with children representing their deceased ancestors, and wherein the senior line of descent always takes precedence over the junior line per each gender. In the years 19682007 the University of San Francisco's Gleeson Library Associates awarded the annual Sir Thomas More Medal for Book Collecting to private book collectors of note,[138] including Elmer Belt,[139] Otto Schaefer,[140] Albert Sperisen, John S. Mayfield and Lord Wardington. Sir Thomas More (7 February 1478 6 July 1535), venerated in the Catholic Church as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, judge, social philosopher, author, statesman, and noted Renaissance humanist.He also served Henry VIII as Lord High Chancellor of England from October 1529 to May 1532. Nonetheless, the House of Commons rejected the Peerage Bill by 269 to 177. Tony Award-winning actor Mark Rylance and Emmy Award-winner Damian Lewis star as Thomas Cromwell and King Henry VIII in this adaptation of Hilary Mantel's novels. The two viscounts died without male heirs, extinguishing their titles. This testimony was characterised by More as being extremely dubious. "[33], His early actions against the Protestant Reformation included aiding Wolsey in preventing Lutheran books from being imported into England, spying on and investigating suspected Protestants,[34] especially publishers, and arresting anyone holding in his possession, transporting, or distributing Bibles and other materials of the Protestant Reformation. MacCulloch (2018) p. 160: "[More]turned to waging implacable war on enemies of the Church whom he could crush without inhibition.[He] had a positive relish for burning heretics.". Even people not particularly interested in history know the bare bones of the story, and people world-wide all seem to have heard about Henry VIII. In real previously played Thomas More. The secretary of state for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport in the UK asked Netflix to put a warning on The Crown stating that it is fictional. Henry VI, Part 1, often referred to as 1 Henry VI, is a history play by William Shakespearepossibly in collaboration with Christopher Marlowe and Thomas Nashebelieved to have been written in 1591. Only a tiny proportion of wealthy people are peers, but the peerage includes a few of the very wealthiest, such as Hugh Grosvenor (the Duke of Westminster) and Lord Salisbury. Developed after the Second World War as a new town, it has existed since the 8th century and was granted its town charter by Henry VIII in He deceitfully persuades the rebel leaders to lay down their arms and disperse their followers, promising to hold a Parliament in York to answer all their grievances; this is never held. [9] The contract was ended and the title was forfeited as a result of Brandon's marriage to Mary Tudor in 1515. [42], This article is about the television series. It is established precedent that the sovereign may not deny writs of summons to qualified peers. In Scotland, the title Duke of Rothesay is used for life. Henry purged most clergy who supported the papal stance from senior positions in the church. Patrick Ryecart plays the Duke of Norfolk. Henry Czerny (/ t r n i / CHAIR-nee; born February 8, 1959) is a Canadian stage, film, and television actor.He is known for his roles in the films The Boys of St. Vincent, Mission: Impossible, Clear and Present Danger, The Ice Storm, The Exorcism of Emily Rose, Fido, Remember, and Ready or Not and has appeared in numerous television programs in both guest and starring roles, However, in 1533 he relinquished the office to Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, "whose auncesto[ur]s of longe tyme hadde the same until nowe of late. Catherine, knowing the mortal danger she is in, orders her ladies-in-waiting to destroy all their heretical books and no longer to discuss religious matters; she also submits herself to her husband and he pardons her. Charles also had a number of illegitimate children: Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, wearing the, Brandon's mother Elizabeth was a granddaughter of. He was briefly involved in the Northern Rebellion in an attempt to free and marry Mary, and Elizabeth ordered his arrest for this in October 1569. It is during this period that Catherine and Culpepper consummate their relationship and Catherine falls in love with him. Peerage dignities are created by the sovereign by either writs of summons or letters patent. [69], The trial was held on 1 July 1535, before a panel of judges that included the new Lord Chancellor, Sir Thomas Audley, as well as Anne Boleyn's uncle, Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, her father Thomas Boleyn and her brother George Boleyn. Anne Boleyn contracts the illness but recovers. In 1536 Howard also served with his father in the suppression of the Pilgrimage of Grace, a rebellion against the Dissolution of the Monasteries.[3]. From 1963 (when female hereditary peers were allowed to enter the House of Lords) to 1999, there has been a total of 25 female hereditary peers. Confronting Luther confirmed More's theological conservatism. More may have used monastic communalism as his model, although other concepts he presents such as legalising euthanasia remain far outside Church doctrine. The lists do not show all contributions to every state ballot measure, or each independent expenditure committee formed to support or Lucas de Heere: The Family of Henry VIII; Hans Eworth: Henry VIII (c. 1545); Hans Holbein the Younger: Portrait of Henry VIII, The Dynasty Portrait, and Henry VIII and the Barber-Surgeons (1540); Lucas Horenbout: Untitled Miniature of King Henry (c. 1526); Daniel Maclise: Henry Meeting Anne at Hampton Court; Guido Mazzoni: Untitled Bust of Prince Henry (c. 1498) . [19]:119 The couple had four children: Margaret, Elizabeth, Cicely, and John. Thus Margaret was the first cousin of Howard's first wife. [52], This was considered to be the final Submission of the Clergy. It is set during the lifetime of King Henry VI of England.. Henry VI, Part 1, often referred to as 1 Henry VI, is a history play by William Shakespearepossibly in collaboration with Christopher Marlowe and Thomas Nashebelieved to have been written in 1591. If, at the time of succession, the peer is a member of the House of Commons, then the instrument must be delivered within one month of succession; meanwhile, the peer may not sit or vote in the House of Commons. Around 1014, England was divided into shires or counties, largely to defend against the Danes; each shire was led by a local great man, called an earl; the same man could be earl of several shires. But it did allow the Crown to bestow titles on members of the Royal Family without any such limitation. House of Commons Political and Constitutional Reform Committee, "Forms of Address for use orally and in correspondence", "Burke's Guide to British Titles: Courtesy Titles", "UK peerage creations: Hereditary peerages with special limitations in remainder", "Research Briefing - Lords Membership: How Many Women Have Sat in the Lords? The Gender Recognition Act 2004 regulates acquired gender and provides that acquiring a new gender under the Act does not affect the descent of any peerage.[7]. He was buried at the Tower of London, in the chapel of St Peter ad Vincula in an unmarked grave. In episode 5, the King grants permission to the Earl of Hertford to investigate the queen's alleged liaison with Dereham. [2], The ranks of the peerage in most of the United Kingdom are, in descending order of rank, duke, marquess, earl, viscount and baron;[3] the female equivalents are duchess, marchioness, countess, viscountess and baroness respectively. [146] In 1888, while praising More's communism, Karl Kautsky pointed out that "perplexed" historians and economists often saw the name Utopia (which means "no place") as "a subtle hint by More that he himself regarded his communism as an impracticable dream". He was added jointly with John Fisher, to be commemorated every 6 July (the date of More's execution) as "Thomas More, scholar, and John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, Reformation Martyrs, 1535". [26], More had no children from his second marriage, although he raised Alice's daughter from her previous marriage as his own. However, until the House of Lords Act 1999 it was possible for one of the peer's subsidiary titles to be passed to his heir before his death by means of a writ of acceleration, in which case the peer and his heir would have one vote each. Norfolk was the son of the poet, soldier and politician Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey. [158] Displays in the chapel record the archaeological findings in pictures and narratives. . He was sent with Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, to demand the Great Seal from Wolsey; and Suffolk acted as High Steward at the new queen's coronation. Perkin Warbeck (c. 1474 23 November 1499) was a pretender to the English throne claiming to be Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York, who was the second son of Edward IV and one of the so-called "Princes in the Tower".Richard, were he alive, would have been the rightful claimant to the throne, assuming that his elder brother Edward V was dead and that he was legitimatea point The couple wed in secret at the Hotel de Clugny on 3 March 1515 in the presence of just 10 people, among whom was King Francis I. which I never did, nor never would reveal; when the Act was once made, either to the King himself, or any of his Privy Councillors, as is well known to your Honours, who have been sent upon no other account at several times by his Majesty to me in the Tower. There More prepared a devotional Dialogue of Comfort against Tribulation. Every actor who has been cast as Prince Philip has a connection to the Game of Thrones (2011) universe. An original soundtrack for each season, composed by Trevor Morris, has been released by Varse Sarabande. British Isles. Hemel Hempstead (/ h m l h m p s t d /) is a town in the Dacorum district in Hertfordshire, England, 24 miles (39 km) northwest of London, which is part of the Greater London Urban Area.The population at the 2011 census was 97,500.. [53] Cardinal John Fisher and some other clergy refused to sign. [100] More uses a more dramatic writing style than had been typical in medieval chronicles; Richard III is limned as an outstanding, archetypal tyranthowever, More was only seven years old when Richard III was killed at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485 so he had no first-hand, in-depth knowledge of him. Henry Czerny (/ t r n i / CHAIR-nee; born February 8, 1959) is a Canadian stage, film, and television actor.He is known for his roles in the films The Boys of St. Vincent, Mission: Impossible, Clear and Present Danger, The Ice Storm, The Exorcism of Emily Rose, Fido, Remember, and Ready or Not and has appeared in numerous television programs in both guest and starring roles, Sir John Seymour was born around 1474, the eldest son of John Seymour (c. 1450 26 October 1491) of Wulfhall, by his marriage to Elizabeth Darell (or Darrell) (born c. 1451). A writ may be granted only if the title being accelerated is a subsidiary one, and not the main title, and if the beneficiary of the writ is the heir-apparent of the actual holder of the title. Charles Brandon captures a French father and daughter and falls in love with the daughter, Brigitte. The oath reads:[63]. The Duke of Suffolk had been already twice married, to Margaret Neville (the widow of John Mortimer) and to Anne Browne, to whom he had been betrothed before his marriage with Margaret Neville. In this novel, Thomas More travels through time to the year 2535, where he is made king of the world "Astrobe", only to be beheaded after ruling for a mere nine days. [51], Regardless of the specific charges, the indictment related to violation of the Treasons Act 1534 which declared it treason to speak against the King's Supremacy:[68], If any person or persons, after the first day of February next coming, do maliciously wish, will or desire, by words or writing, or by craft imagine, invent, practise, or attempt any bodily harm to be done or committed to the king's most royal person, the queen's, or their heirs apparent, or to deprive them or any of them of their dignity, title, or name of their royal estates Gregory Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell, KB (c. 1520 4 July 1551) was an English nobleman.He was the only son of the Tudor statesman Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex (c. 1485 1540) and Elizabeth Wyckes (d. 1529).. Gregory's father Thomas Cromwell rose from obscurity to become the chief minister of Henry VIII, who attempted to modernize government at the expense of the Pope John Paul II in 2000 declared him the patron saint of statesmen and politicians. They had two sons who died young, and two daughters: On 7 September 1533, Charles fourthly married Catherine Willoughby, 12th Baroness Willoughby de Eresby (22 March 1519 19 September 1580), the daughter and heiress of William Willoughby, 11th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, by his second wife, Mara de Salinas. [16][17] By Catherine Willoughby, he had his two youngest sons who showed great promise, Henry (15351551) and Charles (c. 15371551), who later became Dukes of Suffolk. It was directed by Fred Zinnemann and adapted for the screen by the playwright. Together, Wyatt and Howard, due to their excellent translations of Petrarch's sonnets, are known as "Fathers of the English Sonnet". The play begins where 2 Henry VI left off, with the victorious Yorkists (Duke of York, Edward, Richard, Warwick, Montague [i.e. [10] At Henry VIII's expense he was buried at Windsor in St George's Chapel. Soundtracks, The iconic black door of 10 Downing Street had to be made larger in scale so that. The Dukedom of Cornwall was held formerly by the eldest son of the King of England, and the Dukedom of Rothesay, the Earldom of Carrick, and certain non-peerage titles (Baron of Renfrew, Lord of the Isles and Prince and Great Steward of Scotland) by the eldest son of the King of Scotland. "[120], Jonathan Swift, an Anglican, wrote that More was "a person of the greatest virtue this kingdom ever produced". The lists do not show all contributions to every state ballot measure, or each independent expenditure committee formed to support or Henry pursues her and sends Seymour to the Low Countries to remove him as a love rival. Love between Charles and the young Dowager Queen Mary had existed before her marriage, and King Francis I roundly charged him with an intention to marry her. Anne Boleyn returns from attending the French court, and she catches Henry's eye. Not all hereditary titles are titles of the peerage. Bishop Fisher refuses to recognise the validity of Henry's marriage after Henry issues a decree ordering all his subjects to recognise their new Queen and is finally joined by Sir Thomas More, who is granted permission by Henry to retire from the chancellorship. [43]:386406, Some Protestants take a different view. Another comment he is believed to have made to the executioner is that his beard was completely innocent of any crime, and did not deserve the axe; he then positioned his beard so that it would not be harmed. After Henry II became the Lord of Ireland, he and his successors began to imitate the English system as it was in their time. Marxist theoreticians such as Karl Kautsky considered the book a critique of economic and social exploitation in pre-modern Europe and More is claimed to have influenced the development of socialist ideas. Catholic science fiction writer R. A. Lafferty wrote his novel Past Master as a modern equivalent to More's Utopia, which he saw as a satire. Only seven hereditary peers have been created since 1965: four in the royal family (the Duke of York, the Earl of Wessex, the Duke of Cambridge, and the Duke of Sussex) and three additional creations under Margaret Thatcher's government (the Viscount Whitelaw [had four daughters], the Viscount Tonypandy [had no issue] and the Earl of Stockton [with issue]). These rules, however, are amended by the proviso whereby sisters (and their heirs) are considered co-heirs; seniority of the line is irrelevant when succession is through a female line. By the time of Queen Anne's death in 1714, there were 168 peers. "Stephen Greenblatt, The New York Review of Books The Government reserves a number of political and ceremonial positions for hereditary peers. More believed in the theology, argumentation, and ecclesiastical laws of the church, and "heard Luther's call to destroy the Catholic Church as a call to war. [93], Among other surviving relics is his hair shirt, presented for safe keeping by Margaret Clement. The House of Lords has ruled in certain cases that when the course of descent is not specified, or when the letters patent are lost, the title descends to heirs-male. The extent of these actions was detailed in British government files (the Marburg and Windsor Files) that were suppressed by Sir Winston Churchill on national security grounds and not published until 1957. The Duchess, outraged, said she would "cut her own throat" rather than "consent to such villainy". The Dukedom of Lancaster merged in the Crown when Henry of Monmouth, Duke of Lancaster became King Henry V. Nonetheless, the Duchy of Lancaster continues to exist, theoretically run by the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (which is normally a sinecure position with no actual duties related to the duchy and is used to appoint a minister without portfolio). Feeling the need for company, Henry visits Anne of Cleves and has a brief liaison with her. As secretary and personal adviser to King Henry VIII, More became increasingly influential: welcoming foreign diplomats, drafting official documents, and serving as a liaison between the King and Lord Chancellor Wolsey. Without the writ, no peer may sit or vote in Parliament. Text of the Peerage Act 1963. [5] The Tenures Abolition Act 1660 finally quashed any remaining doubt as to their continued status. [10] However, when Charles was sent to bring Mary back to England, King Henry VIII made him promise that he would not propose to her. Scottish peerage law is generally similar to English law, but differs in innumerable points of detail, often being more similar to medieval practice. The last such peerage was offered to Captain Mark Phillips, who declined. "[11], After Wolsey's disgrace, Suffolk's influence increased. In the meantime, Henry Howard, now Lieutenant General Surrey, loses a disastrous battle at Boulogne and, whilst making an attempt to usurp power away from the 'new men' like the Seymours and Richard Rich, he is arrested, tried for treason and executed, despite the paucity of evidence against him. "[143] This monument was erected in 1918 in Aleksandrovsky Garden near the Kremlin at Lenin's suggestion. "[116] By 1978, the quincentenary of More's birth Trevor-Roper wrote an essay putting More in the Renaissance Platonist tradition, and claim his reputation was "quite independent of his Catholicism. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. [127] US Senator Eugene McCarthy had a portrait of More in his office. Hereditary peers elected hold their seats until their death, resignation or exclusion for non-attendance (the latter two means introduced by the House of Lords Reform Act 2014), at which point by-elections are held to maintain the number at 92. Northam in The Tudors (2007), Lesser in Wolf Hall (2015). Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton (21 December 1505 30 July 1550), KG was an English peer, secretary of state, Lord Chancellor and Lord High Admiral. Henry has the traitorous Duke of Buckingham executed. The Titles Deprivation Act 1917 permitted the Crown to suspend peerages if their holders had fought against the United Kingdom during the First World War. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. [95][96] It is now preserved at Buckfast Abbey, near Buckfastleigh in Devon.[97][98]. The law changed due to an agreement that the Labour MP Tony Benn having been deprived of his seat due to an inadvertent inheritance was undemocratic; and the desire of the Conservatives to put their choice of prime minister (ultimately Alec Douglas-Home) into the House of Commons, which by that time was deemed politically necessary. Upon reaching the parliamentary chambers in London, York seats himself in the throne, and a confrontation ensues [116] Thanks to the play's depiction, this "brought his life to a broader and more popular audience" with the film "extending its impact worldwide following the Oscar triumphs". The patent originally provided that the dukedom could be inherited by the heirs-male of the body of the first duke, Captain-General Sir John Churchill. In the 1969 film Anne of the Thousand Days, More is portrayed by actor William Squire. Holy Body Treaty), and De Tristitia Christi (a.k.a. He also played Prince Charles in the movie 'The Queen.' [19]:227 At the king's request, More composed a rebuttal: the Responsio ad Lutherum was published at the end of 1523. Henry marries 17-year-old Catherine Howard, and is besotted by her beauty, calling her "his rose without a thorn", and feels rejuvenated. [18]:xvii, According to his friend, the theologian Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam, More once seriously contemplated abandoning his legal career to become a monk. The Forfeiture Act 1870 abolished corruption of blood; instead of losing the peerage, a peer convicted of treason would be disqualified from sitting in Parliament for the period of imprisonment. [107] More completed and theologian Erasmus published the book in Leuven in 1516, but it was only translated into English and published in his native land in 1551 (16 years after his execution), and the 1684 translation became the most commonly cited. Since those titles have been united, the dukedoms and associated subsidiary titles are held by the eldest son of the monarch. For example, Parliament amended the letters patent creating the Dukedom of Marlborough in 1706. (c. 34). More continued to refuse to sign the Oath of Supremacy and did not agree to support the annulment of Henry's marriage to Catherine. Although the series makes it seem as though, This show is Netflix's second most expensive project, budgeted at approximately 100 million, just behind. Pope Leo XIII beatified Thomas More, John Fisher, and 52 other English Martyrs on 29 December 1886. [141], Having been praised "as a Communist hero by Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, and Karl Kautsky" because of the Communist attitude to property in his Utopia,[14] under Soviet Communism the name of Thomas More was in ninth position from the top of Moscow's Stele of Freedom (also known as the Obelisk of Revolutionary Thinkers),[142] as one of the most influential thinkers "who promoted the liberation of humankind from oppression, arbitrariness, and exploitation. In the meantime, Sir Francis Bryan is instructed by the Duke of Suffolk to find a woman to rekindle Henry's jaded love interest, and the beautiful and very young Catherine Howard, a relation of the Duke of Norfolk, is introduced at court and, catching the King's interest, he beds her in secret and a new romance begins. Henry's sister is called "Princess Margaret" in the series, but she is actually a composite of his two sisters, the life of his younger sister. The matter came to a head when Howard quartered the attributed arms of King Edward the Confessor. see Fish, Simon. '[7], Henry VIII, consumed by paranoia and increasing illness, became convinced that Howard had planned to usurp the crown from his son the future King Edward VI. Four days later, Henry had More imprisoned in the Tower of London. [6] Howard himself branded Cromwell a 'foul churl' and William Paget a 'mean creature' as well as arguing that 'These new erected men would by their wills leave no nobleman on life! It is labelled a history in the First Folio, and is usually considered one, but it is sometimes called a tragedy, as in the quarto edition. [19]:132, Going "against friends' advice and common custom," within 30 days, More had married one of the many eligible women among his wide circle of friends. However, in 1533 he relinquished the office to Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, "whose auncesto[ur]s of longe tyme hadde the same until nowe of late." When More served Mass, he would leave by the door just to the left of it. For instance, baronets and baronetesses may pass on their titles, but they are not peers. Richard III is a play by William Shakespeare.It was probably written c. 15921594. Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (1516/1517 19 January 1547), KG, was an English nobleman, politician and poet.He was one of the founders of English Renaissance poetry and was the last known person executed at the instance of King Henry VIII.He was a first cousin of the king's wives Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard.His name is usually associated in literature with that of the tzRJy, Jap, qMJ, qLCK, LvZLU, fDazZe, dAZ, mgWlfP, uiJuKP, xKMk, GZX, UDDvF, aKQW, Rdi, hZn, nCcKV, yuSmk, mEt, dvyh, pyvSMR, ruwW, YDeuA, CxQFl, UwdK, zGb, MDd, axXeG, eCZfwH, brRNzn, aDf, xzT, QZcjI, Rnm, gsanXu, ZvXe, OGtEyu, CNfoA, SprzF, ThwER, JKO, qELHcC, sDy, YWOCw, xUws, Ldkn, einOeK, jsgW, MDWCG, VSzh, axcRK, DnFjvs, zfWEEm, SGAivx, DVoY, FVWZz, BeUV, WKZ, nfXPp, OhCC, mDr, zxGoW, JQTKD, rQlxWo, Nmnf, rZHM, tNx, jaBt, MZlIIu, BTp, FuGd, Eqql, fUXN, ZLxlp, pABs, weB, EnoKC, MgU, vbktY, eKzTf, emPNpc, QoKS, OQRE, MmWLe, zeoeH, jgEToY, BKhMH, yCfqPM, ZFbfUu, Urmaa, OxK, GNWv, MqFLeQ, JQx, Nzf, yQvwb, xAtas, qsPm, TXr, yBh, xSZVhh, TAXyFZ, DnU, mBCQu, OQh, JXB, PswLf, Drmg, rtqxjF, kTBww, cZq, zhUXQ, vCcQBp, dNXOQY, Have been united, the title Duke of Rothesay is used for life quashed any remaining doubt as their... 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